Osmosis ndi chodabwitsa chomwe madzi oyera amayenda kuchokera ku njira yochepetsera kudzera pa nembanemba yotha kutha kupita ku njira yokhazikika kwambiri.Semi permeable imatanthawuza kuti nembanemba imalola kuti mamolekyu ang'onoang'ono ndi ayoni adutsemo koma amakhala ngati chotchinga mamolekyu akulu kapena zinthu zosungunuka.Reverse Osmosis ndi njira ya Osmosis mmbuyo.Njira yothetsera vutoli imakhala yochepa kwambiri idzakhala ndi chizoloŵezi chachilengedwe chosamukira ku njira yothetsera vutoli.

Kodi Reverse Osmosis System Imagwira Ntchito Motani?

Reverse osmosis ndi njira yomwe imachotsa zonyansa zakunja, zinthu zolimba, mamolekyu akulu ndi mchere m'madzi pogwiritsa ntchito kukakamiza kukankhira kudzera mu nembanemba yapadera.Ndi njira yoyeretsera madzi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza madzi akumwa, kuphika ndi ntchito zina zofunika.

Ngati palibe kuthamanga kwa madzi, madzi oyera (madzi omwe ali ndi chiwerengero chochepa) oyeretsedwa ndi osmosis amapita kumadzi omwe ali ndi chiwerengero chachikulu.Madzi amakankhidwa kudzera mu nembanemba yomwe ingathe kutha.Sefa ya nembanemba ili ndi ma pores ambiri, ang'onoang'ono ngati 0.0001 ma microns, omwe amatha kusefa pafupifupi 99% ya zonyansa monga mabakiteriya (pafupifupi 1 micron), utsi wa fodya (0.07 micron_, ma virus (0.02-0.04 micron), ndi zina. mamolekyu amadzi oyera amadutsamo.

Kubwezeretsanso madzi osmosis kuyeretsa kumatha kusefa mchere wonse wofunikira womwe matupi athu amafunikira, koma ndiukadaulo wogwira mtima komanso wotsimikiziridwa kupanga madzi oyera ndi oyera, oyenera kumwa.Dongosolo la RO liyenera kupereka zaka zambiri zamadzi oyera kwambiri, kotero mutha kumwa popanda nkhawa.

Chifukwa chiyani sefa ya nembanemba imakhala yothandiza pakuyeretsa madzi?

Nthawi zambiri, zoyeretsa madzi zomwe zapangidwa mpaka pano zimagawidwa kukhala njira yosefera yopanda nembanemba komanso njira yoyeretsera madzi a osmosis pogwiritsa ntchito nembanemba.

Sefa zosefera zopanda ma membrane zimachitika kwambiri ndi sefa ya kaboni, yomwe imasefa kukoma koyipa, fungo, klorini, ndi zinthu zina m'madzi apampopi.Zambiri, monga zinthu zopanda organic, zitsulo zolemera, organic mankhwala ndi carcinogens, sizingachotsedwe ndikudutsa.Kumbali ina, Reverse osmosis njira yoyeretsera madzi pogwiritsa ntchito nembanemba ndiye njira yoyeretsera madzi yomwe imakonda kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi pogwiritsa ntchito nembanemba yotha kulowa m'madzi yopangidwa ndiukadaulo waukadaulo wa polima.Ndi njira yoyeretsera madzi yomwe imadutsa ndikulekanitsa ndikuchotsa mchere wosiyanasiyana, zitsulo zolemera, mabakiteriya, mavairasi, mabakiteriya, ndi zipangizo zotulutsa ma radio zomwe zili m'madzi apampopi kuti apange madzi oyera.

Chotsatira chake ndi chakuti solute imasungidwa kumbali yoponderezedwa ya nembanemba ndipo zosungunulira zoyera zimaloledwa kudutsa mbali inayo.Kuti ikhale "yosankha", nembanemba iyi sayenera kulola mamolekyu aakulu kapena ayoni kupyolera mu pores (mabowo), koma ayenera kulola zigawo zing'onozing'ono za yankho (monga mamolekyu osungunulira, mwachitsanzo, madzi, H2O) kudutsa momasuka.

Izi ndi zoona makamaka kuno ku California, komwe kuuma kumakhala koopsa m'madzi apampopi.Ndiye bwanji osasangalala ndi madzi oyera komanso otetezeka okhala ndi reverse osmosis system?

Fyuluta ya R/O Membrane

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1950, Dr. Sidney Loeb ku UCLA anapanga reverse osmosis (RO) zothandiza popanga, pamodzi ndi Srinivasa Sourirajan, theka-permeable anisotropic nembanemba.Ma nembanemba Opanga Osmosis amapangidwa mwapadera ndi nembanemba zomwe zimatha kulowa mkati zokhala ndi ma pores a ma microns 0.0001, gawo limodzi mwa miliyoni kukhuthala kwa tsitsi.Nembanemba iyi ndi fyuluta yapadera yopangidwa ndiukadaulo waukadaulo wa polima kuti palibe zowononga mankhwala komanso mabakiteriya ndi ma virus omwe angadutse.

Pamene kukakamiza kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pamadzi oipitsidwa kuti adutse nembanemba yapaderayi, mankhwala olemera kwambiri a molekyulu, monga madzi a laimu osungunuka m'madzi, ndi mankhwala olemera kwambiri a molekyulu monga laimu, osungunuka m'madzi, amadutsa mumzere wokwanira wa semi-permeable ndi woyera wokha. madzi olemera ang'onoang'ono a maselo ndi mpweya wosungunuka ndi zizindikiro za mchere wa organic.Amapangidwa kuti atulutsidwe mu nembanemba ndi kukakamizidwa kwa madzi atsopano omwe sadutsa mumkanda wocheperako ndikupitilira kukankhira mkati.

Chotsatira chake ndi chakuti solute imasungidwa kumbali yoponderezedwa ya nembanemba ndipo zosungunulira zoyera zimaloledwa kudutsa mbali inayo.Kuti ikhale "yosankha", nembanemba iyi sayenera kulola mamolekyu aakulu kapena ayoni kupyolera mu pores (mabowo), koma ayenera kulola zigawo zing'onozing'ono za yankho (monga mamolekyu osungunulira, mwachitsanzo, madzi, H2O) kudutsa momasuka.

Ziwalo, zomwe zinayambika kaamba ka zifuno zachipatala, zopangidwira kunkhondo zankhondo kapena kupatsa asirikali madzi akumwa aukhondo, osaipitsidwa, ndi kuyeretsanso mkodzo wa wamlengalenga wosonkhanitsidwa pamene zochitika zosayembekezereka zimachitika mkati mwa kufufuza kwa mlengalenga.Ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo opangira madzi akumwa, ndipo posachedwapa, makampani akuluakulu a zakumwa akugwiritsa ntchito makina akuluakulu oyeretsa madzi a mafakitale popanga mabotolo, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyeretsa madzi apanyumba.