Pamene tinagula nyumba ya maloto athu pamalo okwana maekala asanu a mitengo, wogulitsa nyumba anamwetulira pamene analoza nyumba ya chitsime. “Madzi opanda malire, palibe ndalama zolipirira pamwezi, oyera komanso achilengedwe!” anatero iye. Ndinagwedeza mutu wanga, ndikuganiza za madzi oyera, oyera ochokera pansi, osefedwa ndi chilengedwe.

Patatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, ndinali m'nyumba ya chitsime ija, nditadzaza ndi matope achitsulo, ndikutemberera chilichonse chomwe ndimaganiza kuti ndikudziwa chokhudza madzi.

Ngati mukumwa madzi a m'chitsime, malangizo omwe mwakhala mukuwerenga okhudza makina oyeretsera madzi wamba si othandiza chabe—ndipo akhoza kukhala oopsa. Izi ndi zomwe ndinaphunzira m'njira yovuta yokhudza dziko losiyana kwambiri la kuyeretsa madzi a m'chitsime.

Kudzuka: Pamene Madzi “Oyera” Sali

Chizindikiro choyamba chinali chosavuta kumva. Sinki yoyera ya porcelain m'bafa lathu la alendo inayamba kutulutsa mizere ya lalanje yozungulira ngalande. Patatha milungu ingapo, inayamba kuoneka ngati dzimbiri moti palibe kutsuka komwe kukanatha kuchotsa kwathunthu.

Kenako kunabwera fungo. Osati chlorine wa m'madzi a mumzinda, koma chinthu chakuda kwambiri—kupuma pang'ono, kopanda sulfure pamene tinkatulutsa madzi otentha. Mkazi wanga anafotokoza kuti ndi “galu wonyowa.” Sanalakwitse.

Udzu womaliza unali zovala zochapira. Masokisi athu oyera anatuluka mu zovalazo ndi utoto wachikasu wotuwa womwe unkaoneka ngati ukukhala nthawi zonse.

Ndinachita zomwe mwini nyumba aliyense wamakono angachite: Ndinagula makina apamwamba osinthira osmosis okhala ndi ndemanga zabwino kuchokera kwa anthu okhala mumzinda omwe amayamikira kukoma kwa khofi. Ndinayika khofiyo monyadira, ndikuyembekezera chipulumutso.

Madzi ochokera ku dongosolo la RO limenelo anali okoma bwino. Koma madontho a lalanje anapitirizabe. Fungo linapitirirabe. Masokisi anakhalabe akuda.

Vuto silinali madzi anga akumwa. Vuto linali madzi anga onse. Ndinali kuchiza chizindikiro pamene matendawa ankafalikira m'mapaipi onse m'nyumba mwanga.

Madzi a Chitsime 101: Si Akuda, Ndi Osiyana

Madzi a mumzinda amachiritsidwa, kutsukidwa, komanso kupanikizika kudzera mu dongosolo la boma. Zoipitsa zake zimakhala zodziwikiratu: chlorine, chloramines, mwina lead kuchokera ku mapaipi akale, mankhwala ochepetsa. Fyuluta ya carbon kapena dongosolo la RO lapangidwa kuti ligwiritsidwe ntchito pa zakumwa zodziwika bwino izi.

Madzi a m'chitsime ndi osaphika. Ndi madzi apansi panthaka omwe akhala akuyenda m'mapangidwe a geological, kusungunula mchere ndikutola chilichonse chomwe akumana nacho panjira. Chitsime chanu ndi chapadera—chithunzi cha geology ya malo anu enieni.

Anthu oipa omwe amapezeka m'madzi a m'zitsime ndi awa:

Dongosolo langa la "madzi a mumzinda" silinathetse vuto lililonse lowononga zida zanga, kununkhiza shawa yanga, komanso kuwononga zovala zanga.

Utsogoleri wa Kukonza Madzi a Chitsime: Yambani pa Gwero

Katswiri wa madzi m'chitsime (inde, ndi ntchito yapadera kwambiri) anandifotokozera ndi fanizo losavuta: “Simuyika fyuluta yopukutira pa dziwe la matope. Muyenera kuthana ndi matope kaye.”

Gawo 1: Malo Omwe Asanalandire Chithandizo (Tetezani Chilichonse)

Madzi asanafike m'nyumba mwanu, amafunika chitetezo choyambira:

• Kusefa kwa Sediment: Fyuluta yosavuta yozungulira pansi kapena fyuluta ya katiriji imagwira mchenga ndi matope omwe angawononge chilichonse chomwe chili pansi pa mtsinje.
• Kubayidwa kwa Mankhwala: Pamavuto aakulu, makina amabayidwa chlorine, hydrogen peroxide, kapena mpweya kuti apangitse kuti chitsulo, sulfure, ndi mabakiteriya ziume, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zizitha kusefedwa.
• Tanki Yosungiramo Zinthu: Imapatsa mankhwala obayidwa nthawi yogwira ntchito madzi asanayambe kuyenda.

Gawo 2: Chithandizo Chachikulu (Konzani Mavuto Aakulu)

Apa ndi pomwe ntchito yeniyeni imachitika:

• Chofewetsa Madzi: Ngati muli ndi madzi olimba (calcium/magnesium), izi sizingakambiranedwe. Zimateteza chotenthetsera madzi chanu, mapaipi, ndi zipangizo zanu kuti zisakule.
• Fyuluta ya Iron: Zipangizo zapadera (monga Birm, Greensand, kapena Air Injection Oxidizing filters) zimachotsa chitsulo chosungunuka ndi manganese pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kapena mwakuthupi.
• Asidi Woletsa Kutupa: Tanki ya calcite kapena magnesium oxide imakweza pH pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimaletsa dzimbiri.
• Fyuluta ya Kaboni: Imachotsa chlorine (ngati mukuibaya), imawonjezera kukoma, ndikupukuta madzi.

Gawo 3: Chipolishi (Chomwe Chimamwa Chokha)

Pambuyo pa Gawo 1 ndi 2 muyenera kuganizira izi:

• Dongosolo la RO Losalowa Madzi: Popeza madzi ali kale okonzeka, dongosolo losavuta la RO lidzakhala nthawi yayitali ndipo limagwira ntchito bwino, popereka madzi abwino akumwa.
• Kuyeretsa UV: Ngati mabakiteriya akuvutitsa, kuwala kwa UV pamalo olowera (kapena pampopi wa kukhitchini) kumapereka chitetezo chomaliza cha zamoyo.

Nyumba yanga inali ikuyenda ndi madzi osaphika kudzera mu zipangizo zodula, zomwe zinkawononga pang'onopang'ono. Chotenthetsera changa cha madzi chinali ndi zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi chomangidwa. Chotsukira mbale changa chinali kumenyana ndi chitsulo chomwe sichinapambane. Nembanemba ya makina anga oyendetsera ntchito inaipitsidwa mkati mwa miyezi ingapo chifukwa cha matope omwe sindinasefe.

Kuwulula Koyesa: Zimene Sindinkadziwa Sindinkadziwa

Kusintha kwakukulu kunali kuyesa madzi m'chitsime chonse, osati zida zapakhomo zokwana $20 kuchokera ku sitolo yogulitsa zida, koma kusanthula kwathunthu kwa labotale komwe kunawononga pafupifupi $200. Zotsatira zake zinali njira yothetsera mavuto anga:

• Iron: 3.2 ppm (yapakati, imafotokoza madontho)
• pH: 6.2 (yokhala ndi asidi, imafotokoza madontho a mkuwa wobiriwira ndi buluu)
• Kulimba: 15 tirigu pa galoni (yolimba kwambiri, ikufotokoza sikelo)
• Hydrogen Sulfide: Imapezeka pamlingo wotsika (imafotokoza fungo losakhalitsa)
• Mabakiteriya: Palibe amene wapezeka (nkhani imodzi yabwino)

Nditapeza deta iyi, nditha kupanga dongosolo, osati kungogula chipangizo china.

Kusintha: Kodi Chithandizo Choyenera Chimawoneka Bwanji?

Dongosolo langa lomaliza, lomwe linayikidwa ndi katswiri yemwe amamvetsetsa bwino madzi a m'chitsime, limaphatikizapo:

1. Fyuluta Yaikulu ya Blue Sediment: Chophimba cha mainchesi 20 chokhala ndi zosefera zokhala ndi ma micron 5, chogwira mchenga ndi matope kuposa china chilichonse.
2. Fyuluta Yothira Mpweya: Thanki imodzi yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mpweya wopanikizika kuti ikhetse ndikusefa chitsulo ndi hydrogen sulfide. Fungo linatha nthawi yomweyo.
3. Choletsa Kutupa kwa Acid: Thanki ya calcite media yomwe imasungunuka pang'onopang'ono m'madzi, ndikukweza pH kuchokera pa 6.2 mpaka 7.2. Madontho abuluu adasiya mkati mwa milungu ingapo.
4. Chofewetsa Madzi: Chofewetsa chokhazikika cha kusinthana kwa ayoni chomwe chimagwira ntchito yolimba ya tinthu 15. Magalasi athu amawala kwambiri.
5. Dongosolo la RO Losalowa Madzi: Chipangizo chosavuta komanso chotsika mtengo cha RO chomwe chili pa sinki ya kukhitchini chosungira madzi akumwa. Zosefera zake tsopano zimatha miyezi 12-18 m'malo mwa miyezi itatu.

Ndalama zonse? Pafupifupi $4,500 idayikidwa, kuphatikiza zida zonse. Dongosolo langa la $1,200 la "madzi a mumzinda" RO linali likuchiza zizindikiro pamene mapaipi anga anali kuvutika. Dongosololi limachiritsa matendawa.

Maphunziro a Msilikali wa Madzi a Chitsime

Ngati muli pamadzi a chitsime, kapena mukuganiza zogula nyumba ndi chitsime, nayi malangizo anga omwe ndapeza mosavuta:

1. Yesani Musanalandire Chithandizo
Musaganize. Musaganize. Kuyesa kwa labu yonse ndi ndalama zotsika mtengo kwambiri zomwe mungapange. Kumakuuzani ndendende nkhondo yomwe mukumenyana nayo.

2. Pezani Katswiri wa Zitsime
Wopanga mapaipi wapafupi nanu akhoza kukhala katswiri pokonza kutayikira kwa madzi koma osadziwa zambiri za mankhwala a madzi. Fufuzani makampani omwe ali akatswiri pa ntchito yokonza madzi m'zitsime. Amamvetsetsa kusiyana kwa chitsulo ndi manganese, momwe pH ndi kuuma kwake zimagwirira ntchito, komanso kukula koyenera kwa zida.

3. Ganizirani Mwadongosolo
Simukusowa fyuluta imodzi yamatsenga. Mukufunika njira zingapo zochiritsira, iliyonse ikukonzekeretsa madzi kuti agwire ntchito ina. Kudumpha masitepe kumatsimikizira kulephera.

4. Tetezani Ndalama Zanu
Njira yoyeretsera madzi m'chitsime imafuna kukonzedwanso—kudzazanso mchere wofewetsa, zosefera zakumbuyo, kusintha makatiriji a zinyalala. Ikani zikumbutso za kalendala ndipo muzitsatire.

5. Bajeti ya Nthawi Yaitali
Zipangizo zabwino zamadzi zogwiritsidwa ntchito m'zitsime zimadula mtengo kwambiri pasadakhale koma zimapulumutsa ndalama zambiri pakusintha zida, kukonza mapaipi, komanso kukhumudwa pakapita nthawi.

Mmawa umene ndinazindikira kuti zagwira ntchito

Patatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi nditakhazikitsa, ndinalowa m'bafa ndipo ndinayima pang'ono. Sinki ya porcelain inali yopanda banga. Yopanda mizere ya lalanje. Yopanda madontho a buluu-wobiriwira. Yoyera, yoyera ndi yadothi.

Ndinatsegula shawa ndipo ndinapuma mpweya wambiri. Palibe. Palibe sulfure, palibe chlorine, palibe fungo lililonse.

Ndinadzaza galasi kuchokera pa pompo la kukhitchini ndipo ndinaligwira kuti liwoneke bwino.

Kwa nthawi yoyamba kuyambira pamene ndinasamukira, sindinali kuganizira za madzi anga. Ndinkangokhala m'nyumba mwanga. Ndipo ndaphunzira kuti zimenezo ndiye muyeso weniweni wa kupambana.