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Chidziwitso cha Mkonzi: Kuyesa kukupitilira! Pano tikuyesa zitsanzo 4 zatsopano. Khalani tcheru pazosankha zathu zamawunikidwe atsopano.
Madzi apampopi okhazikika amatha kukhala ndi zonyansa zochokera kumankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapaipi ndi kusefera kwa matauni. Ngati banja lanu likufunika kupeza madzi apampopi osefedwa kuti amwe ndi kuphika tsiku lililonse, makina osefera m'madzi apansi panthaka ndi njira yabwino yothetsera.
Zosefera zamadzi za Countertop zitha kukhala zogwira mtima, koma zimathanso kukhala zowoneka bwino komanso kutenga malo ofunikira. Mitundu yocheperako imabisa zimango pomwe ikupereka madzi osefa pa sinki yakukhitchini. Zosefera zabwino kwambiri pansi pa sinki zimakhala ndi zigawo zingapo zosefera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kupeza madzi apampopi aukhondo.
Pambuyo poyang'ana mbali zazikulu za kusefera kwamadzi pansi pa sink (kuchuluka kwa zonyansa zomwe zimachotsedwa, kukula kwa thupi, ndi kuchuluka kwa magawo osefera), mndandanda womwe uli pamwambawu ukuwonetsa mtundu wa kafukufuku wozama womwe tidapanga kuti tidziwe zomwe zili zoyenera kwambiri. magawo osiyanasiyana a kusefera. magulu amtengo ndi milingo yosefera.
Timaonetsetsa kuti tikupereka njira zosiyanasiyana zosefera madzi pansi pa sink zomwe zimatha kusefa ma municipalities, bwino, ndi madzi amchere kuti achotse zonyansa zoposa 1,000, kuphatikizapo klorini, zitsulo zolemera, ndi mabakiteriya. Zina mwa zosefera zamadzi zomwe zili pansi pamadzi zimabwera ndi faucet yapa countertop, zomwe zimachotsa kufunika kogula padera (ndipo zitha kukhala zodula). Njira zina zosefera za sink zimakhalanso ndi mapangidwe opulumutsa madzi ndi mapampu omangidwira omwe amawonjezera kuthamanga kwa madzi, komanso zosefera zosinthika.
Zosefera zabwino kwambiri pansi pa sinki zidzapereka kusefa kothandiza, kupereka madzi ambiri aukhondo, komanso kukhala kosavuta kukhazikitsa. Ngati mukufuna kuwonjezera mwayi wosefa madzi aku khitchini yanu, zotsatirazi pansi pazitsulo zosefera zikuphatikizapo izi ndi zina.
Nenani zonse: Dongosolo la reverse osmosis (RO) lochokera ku iSpring limatha kuchotsa mpaka 99% ya zowononga zopitilira 1,000 m'madzi apampopi, kuphatikiza lead, arsenic, chlorine, fluoride, ndi asibesitosi. Kusefera kwake kochititsa chidwi kwa magawo asanu ndi limodzi kumaphatikizapo zosefera zamadzi ndi kaboni zomwe zimachotsa zowononga zosiyanasiyana ndikuteteza nembanemba ya osmosis kumankhwala monga chlorine ndi chloramines.
Fyuluta ya reverse osmosis system imachotsa zonyansa zazing'ono ngati ma microns 0.0001, kotero kuti mamolekyu amadzi okha amatha kudutsamo. Fyuluta yokumbukira zamchere imabwezeretsanso mchere wopindulitsa womwe udatayika panthawi yosefera, ndipo kusefera komaliza kumapatsa madzi kupukutira komaliza asanalowe mumpopi yamkuwa yophatikizidwa ndi mapangidwe owoneka bwino a nickel.
Pampu yamagetsi imawonjezera kuthamanga kwa madzi, potero kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zinyalala muzosefera: chiŵerengero ndi magaloni 1.5 a madzi osefedwa mpaka 1 galoni ya madzi otayika. Zosefera zamadzi ziyenera kusinthidwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse mpaka chaka. Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kumaliza kukhazikitsa mothandizidwa ndi maphunziro olembedwa ndi makanema akampani. Thandizo la foni likupezeka kwa iwo omwe akukumana ndi mavuto aliwonse kapena ali ndi mafunso omwe sanalembedwe m'buku loperekedwa.
Pokhala ndi zida zingapo zosavuta kukhazikitsa ndi kukweza monga zosefera za UV, alkaline ndi deionization, dongosolo ili la magawo asanu la kusefera reverse osmosis ndi yankho labwino pafupifupi nyumba iliyonse yogwiritsa ntchito madzi amzindawu.
M'dongosolo lino, madzi amayamba kudutsa mumatope ndi zosefera ziwiri za kaboni asanafike pa nembanemba ya osmosis, yomwe imachotsa ngakhale tinthu tating'ono kwambiri. Gawo lomaliza limagwiritsa ntchito fyuluta yachitatu ya kaboni kuchotsa poizoni wotsala.
Dongosolo lotsika mtengoli limabwera ndi zosefera zinayi zolowa m'malo zamadzi zomwe zimafunika kusinthidwa kawiri pachaka. Choyipa chimodzi cha dongosololi ndikuti palibe mpope, motero amawononga pafupifupi malita 1 mpaka 3 amadzi.
Kusefera kwamadzi sikufuna nthawi yochuluka, komanso kukhazikitsa makina osefera sikufunanso nthawi yamtengo wapatali. Imodzi mwazinthu zotsika mtengo kwambiri zosefera madzi akuya, makina a Waterdrop amatenga mphindi zitatu zokha kuti akhazikike, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kupeza madzi apampopi aukhondo.
Chitsanzochi ndi chisankho chabwino kwa ogula omwe alibe malo okwanira kuti azisefera madzi. Chomangira chaching'onochi chimagwirizanitsa mwachindunji ndi mzere wa madzi ozizira ndikupereka madzi osefa kaboni kuchokera pampopi yaikulu, kuchepetsa fungo ndi zonyansa monga chlorine, sediment, dzimbiri ndi zitsulo zina zolemera. Ngakhale sichichotsa zonyansa zambiri monga reverse osmosis system, imakhalabe ndi mchere wopindulitsa monga calcium, potaziyamu ndi magnesium.
Waterdrop imakhala ndi zokometsera zosavuta kuziyika komanso makina okhotakhota kuti asinthe mosavuta zosefera. Pofuna kukonza mosavuta, fyuluta iliyonse imakhala ndi moyo wautali wa miyezi 24 kapena magaloni 16,000.
Njira ina yabwino kuchokera ku Waterdrop kukhitchini yokhala ndi malo ochepa pansi pa sinki. Dongosolo lowoneka bwino la tankless reverse osmosis iyi ndi yaying'ono koma silimangoyang'ana mawonekedwe apadera. Ukadaulo watsopano umapangitsa kuti ntchito zanzeru zikhale zosavuta. Pampu yamkati imapangitsa kuti madzi azithamanga mofulumira komanso kuti awonongeke pang'ono ndi chiŵerengero cha 1: 1 cha madzi otayidwa osefedwa kumadzi otayira, ndipo chowunikira chotsitsa chimatseka madzi ngati chitoliro chatuluka.
Zosefera zitatu zapansi panthaka zimapereka kuyeretsa kwamagawo angapo, kuphatikiza zosefera za matope ndi kaboni, nembanemba ya reverse osmosis ndi chosefera cha carbon block, chomalizacho chimagwiritsa ntchito ma granules a kaboni opangidwa kuchokera ku zipolopolo za kokonati zachilengedwe kuti muwongolere kukoma kwa madzi anu. Zizindikiro zothandiza zimasintha mtundu ikafika nthawi yosintha fyuluta. Pothandizira kukhazikitsa, gwiritsani ntchito bukhu lophatikizidwa kapena buku la intaneti. ZINDIKIRANI. Dongosolo liyenera kuyatsidwa mphindi 30 musanagwiritse ntchito.
Ogula omwe ali ndi chidwi cholumikiza bomba latsopano ndi fyuluta yamadzi yapansi pa sinki ayenera kuganizira chitsanzo ichi cha Aquasana. Imapezeka m'mitundu itatu yokongoletsera kuti igwirizane ndi zokongoletsa zosiyanasiyana zakukhitchini, makinawa ali ndi magawo awiri osefera omwe amachotsa mpaka 99% mwa zowononga 77 zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza lead ndi mercury, ndi 97% ya chlorine ndi chloramines. Zosefera zapansi panthaka zimagwiritsa ntchito zigawo zapulasitiki zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi kamodzi ndipo ndizogwirizana kwambiri ndi chilengedwe.
Chifukwa chakuti madzi osaya pansiwa sagwiritsa ntchito nembanemba ya reverse osmosis, madzi samawonongeka ndipo kusefa kumasunga mchere wopindulitsa. Moyo wosefera ndi pafupifupi malita 600 ndipo utha kukhala mpaka miyezi 6. Eni ake akhoza kumaliza kukhazikitsa mothandizidwa ndi kalozera watsatanetsatane.
Ngakhale kuti madzi omveka ndi okwanira kwa anthu ambiri, ena amakonda kukoma ndi ubwino wa thanzi lakumwa madzi amchere. Chifukwa zosefera zamchere zimawonjezera kuyera kwa calcium carbonate m'madzi osefedwa, omwa madzi amchere amatha kusangalala ndi chakumwa cha pH chapamwambachi kuchokera pampopi ndi fyuluta iyi ya Apec Water Systems.
Zikafika pakusefera, zotchinga zapawiri za kaboni ndi nembanemba zam'mbuyo za osmosis zimachotsa 99% ya zonyansa zopitilira 1,000, kuphatikiza chlorine, fluoride, arsenic, lead ndi zitsulo zolemera. Izi pansi pa sink filtration system ndi chisankho chodalirika chomwe chimatsimikiziridwa ndi bungwe la Water Quality Association ndikutsimikizira zosefera zamadzi zapamwamba kwambiri.
Zosefera zimabwera ndi faucet ya nickel yowoneka bwino. Kumbukirani kuti fyulutayi iyenera kuwerengera madzi oipa chifukwa ali ndi chiŵerengero chokwera pang'ono cha 1 (osefedwa) mpaka 3 (madzi otayira) magaloni. Makanema ndi malangizo alipo kwa omwe amasankha kuyika DIY.
Ngakhale kuti madzi a m’chitsime sagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala monga klorini, amatha kukhala ndi zinthu monga mchenga, dzimbiri ndi zitsulo zolemera. Komanso imakhala ndi iron yambiri ndipo nthawi zina imakhala ndi mabakiteriya owopsa. Choncho, nyumba zokhala ndi madzi a m'chitsime zimafunikira njira yosefera yomwe ingateteze ku zowonongeka ndi poizoni.
Dongosolo lamadzi la Home Master's EPA lolembetsedwa pansi pa sinki limagwiritsa ntchito magawo asanu ndi awiri a kusefera, kuphatikiza sefa yachitsulo ndi ultraviolet (UV) sterilizer, kuchotsa mpaka 99% ya iron, hydrogen sulfide, zitsulo zolemera ndi zonyansa masauzande ambiri. . . zoipitsa zina. Njira yotsitsimutsa imawonjezera mchere wopindulitsa, kuphatikizapo calcium ndi magnesium pang'ono.
Fyulutayi imatha kusunga madzi okwana magaloni 2,000, omwe ndi ofanana ndi chaka chimodzi chamadzi omwe amamwa madzi. Chidacho chimaphatikizapo kukhazikitsa kwa DIY ndi buku latsatanetsatane.
Vuto la zosefera zambiri zamadzi osaya ndikuti kukhazikitsa bomba latsopano kumafuna kubowolanso dzenje pa countertop. Kufikira kungakhale kovuta ndipo anthu ambiri sakonda kukhala ndi matepi osiyana. Chogulitsa ichi cha CuZn chakhala chotsimikizika kwazaka zopitilira 20. Imayika mofulumira komanso mosavuta m'madzi ozizira omwe alipo ndipo imatenga malo ochepa pansi pa sinki.
Kusefera kwanjira zitatu kumagwiritsa ntchito nembanemba ya microsedimentation, chipolopolo cha coconut activated carbon ndi makina apadera a KDF-55 opangidwa kuti athane ndi chlorine ndi zitsulo zolemera zosungunuka m'madzi. Onse pamodzi amachepetsa zonyansa za organic ndi inorganic, ndipo kusintha kosinthana kwa fyuluta kumatha mpaka zaka 5.
Tsoka ilo, zosefera zamtunduwu sizigwira ntchito pakuchotsa zolimba zomwe zasungunuka (TDS) ndipo siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kusefa madzi a pachitsime.
Mipope ya m'bafa imakhala yotsika kwambiri kuposa mipope yakukhitchini, ndipo zosefera zamadzi zamitundu yambiri zimatha kuletsa kuyenda. Zambiri zachabechabe za m'bafa zilinso ndi malo osagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono kuposa zachabechabe zakuya kukhitchini. Sefa ya Frizzlife Under Sink Water imapereka njira yothetsera mavuto onsewa.
Kuthamanga kwake ndi 2 galoni pamphindi (GPM), zomwe zikufanana ndi kudzaza kapu ya 11 ounce mumasekondi atatu okha. Sefa imodzi imatha kuyikika mwachangu pamizere yamadzi ozizira yomwe ilipo, kuchotsa kufunikira kwa matanki kapena mapampu akulu. Magawo awiri a kaboni a 0.5 micron amakumana ndi mfundo za National Sanitation Foundation zochotsa mosamala fluoride, lead ndi arsenic m'madzi ndikulola kuti mchere wopindulitsa udutse. Fyuluta yokhayo iyenera kusinthidwa, silinda yakunja siyenera kusinthidwa, kuchepetsanso ndalama.
Monga zosefera zambiri za kaboni, Frizzlife siyovomerezeka kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito ndi madzi amchere. Dongosolo la RO liyenera kusankhidwa.
Pali njira zambiri zosefera madzi. Njira yabwino kwambiri yosefera pansi pa sink idzakwanira malo anu, mphamvu ndi zosowa zanu pamene mukupereka madzi abwino mosavuta. Zinthu zina zofunika kuziganizira pogula ndi monga mtundu ndi mulingo wa kusefera, kuyenda kwa madzi ndi kuthamanga, kununkhira, ndi madzi onyansa.
Zosankha za zosefera zamadzi ozama zimayambira pa zomangira zosavuta kupita ku mizere yamadzi ozizira yomwe ilipo ndi mipope kupita ku machitidwe ovuta kwambiri. Mitundu yodziwika bwino imaphatikizapo reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration (UF), ndi zosefera zamadzi a kaboni. Makina a RO reverse osmosis amachotsa zowononga m'madzi anu ndikutumiza madzi osefa kudzera pampopi ina. Njira zosinthira osmosis zimagwira ntchito ndikukankhira madzi kudzera mu nembanemba yokhala ndi ma pores ang'onoang'ono omwe mamolekyu amadzi okha amatha kudutsa, kuchotsa poizoni wopitilira 1,000 monga chlorine, fluoride, zitsulo zolemera, komanso mabakiteriya ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Makina abwino kwambiri osinthira osmosis amakhala ndi magawo angapo akusefera, kuphatikiza zosefera za kaboni, kotero zimatha kutenga malo ambiri a nduna ndipo zimafunikira kuyika kwa DIY movutikira.
Ultrafiltration imagwiritsa ntchito minyewa yopanda kanthu kuteteza zinyalala ndi zowononga kulowa m'madzi. Ngakhale kuti sichichotsa poizoni wambiri monga reverse osmosis system, imatha kusunga mchere wopindulitsa womwe umachotsedwa m'madzi osefera momwe mamolekyu amadzi okha amatha kudutsa.
Ndiwosavuta kuyiyika chifukwa nthawi zambiri imakhala kuwonjezera pa faucet yomwe ilipo. Komabe, popeza imalumikizidwa ndi bomba lalikulu, moyo wa fyuluta ukhoza kukhala waufupi kuposa kachitidwe komwe kamakhala kosiyana.
Zosefera za kaboni ndi njira yosavuta yosefera, koma imakhala yothandiza kwambiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'machitidwe osiyanasiyana, kuchokera ku matanki osavuta amadzi kupita ku machitidwe amakono a masitepe ambiri. Mpweya wokhazikika umalumikizana ndi zonyansa ndikuzichotsa madzi akamadutsa mu fyuluta.
Kugwira ntchito kwa zosefera za kaboni payekha kumasiyana, chifukwa chake tcherani khutu ku mulingo wosefera womwe umanenedwa pa chinthucho, kuphatikiza zoipitsa zomwe zimachotsa. Dongosolo la reverse osmosis lophatikizidwa ndi fyuluta ya kaboni nthawi zambiri ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yosefera madzi pansi pa sinki pochotsa poizoni m'madzi apampopi.
Kuchuluka ndi mtundu wa kusefa kwamadzi komwe mukufunikira kumadalira kuchuluka kwa madzi osefedwa omwe banja lanu limafunikira tsiku lililonse. Kwa anthu omwe amakhala okha, mtsuko kapena chophatikizira chosavuta pansi pa kuzama chidzakhala chokwanira. Kwa mabanja akuluakulu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito madzi ambiri osefedwa kapena ophika, njira yosinthira osmosis imatha kusefa magaloni 50 mpaka 75 amadzi patsiku.
Ngakhale zosefera zazikuluzikulu siziyenera kusinthidwa pafupipafupi, zimatenga malo ochulukirapo pansi pa kusinki, makamaka makina osinthira osmosis okhala ndi ma reservoirs. Iyi ndi mfundo yofunika ngati muli ndi malo ochepa a chipinda.
Mayendedwe ake amayesa momwe madzi amathamangira kuchokera mumpopi. Izi zidzakhudza nthawi yayitali kuti mudzaze galasi kapena mphika wophikira. Kuchulukirachulukira kwa kusefedwa, madzi amatuluka pang'onopang'ono pampopi, kotero makampani akugwira ntchito m'derali popereka madzi othamanga ngati malo ogulitsa. Machitidwe a RO ali ndi ma valve osiyana; komabe, ngati zosefera zapansi pamadzi zimagwiritsa ntchito pompopompo yayikulu, ogwiritsa ntchito angazindikire kuchepa pang'ono kwa madzi oyenda.
Mayendedwe amawerengedwa mu magaloni pamphindi ndipo nthawi zambiri amachokera ku 0.8 mpaka 2 magaloni pamphindi kutengera mankhwala. Kugwiritsa ntchito sikudalira kokha pa mankhwala, komanso kupanikizika kwa madzi apanyumba komanso chiwerengero cha ogwiritsa ntchito.
Kuthamanga kumawonetsedwa ndi liwiro, ndipo kuthamanga kwa madzi kumatsimikiziridwa ndi mphamvu. Kuthamanga kwamadzi kochepa kwambiri kumalepheretsa kusefa kwanthawi zonse mu fyuluta ya RO yomwe ili pansi pamadzi pomwe dongosolo limagwiritsa ntchito kukakamiza kukakamiza mamolekyu amadzi kudzera mu nembanemba. Kuthamanga kwa madzi akunyumba kumayesedwa mu mapaundi pa inchi imodzi (psi).
Zosefera zambiri zazikulu pansi pa sinki zimafuna zosachepera 40 mpaka 45 psi kuti zigwire ntchito. Kwa nyumba zokhazikika, kupanikizika kwakukulu kumakhala 60 psi. Kuthamanga kwa madzi kumakhudzidwanso ndi kukula kwa nyumba ndi chiwerengero cha ogwiritsa ntchito pakhomo.
Pafupifupi theka la anthu aku America omwe amamwa madzi amtawuniyi akudandaula za fungo lamadzi awo apampopi, malinga ndi kafukufuku waposachedwa wa Consumer Reports. Ngakhale kuti kununkhira sikumatanthawuza kuti pali vuto, kungapangitse kuti chinyezi chisakhale chosangalatsa.
Chlorine, mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo opangira madzi kuchotsa mabakiteriya, mavairasi ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'madzi, ndi imodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimatulutsa fungo. Mwamwayi, zosefera zambiri zamadzi ozama kapena mitsuko zimatha kuchepetsa fungo ndikuwongolera kukoma. Kukwera kwa kusefedwa, m'pamenenso dongosololi limachotsa zonyansa ndi fungo lochokera.
Monga tanena kale, zosefera zambiri za RO zili ndi faucet yosiyana. Masinki ambiri omangidwira amakhala ndi mabowo opangidwa kale (ena angafunike kubowola) kuti apeze bomba lachiwiri.
Ena, komabe, amafunikira kuboola dzenje latsopano, zomwe zingakhale zovuta kwa ena. Ogula amathanso kuyang'ana kalembedwe ka faucet kuti atsimikizire kuti ikugwirizana ndi kukongola kwawo. Ambiri ali ndi mbiri yopyapyala yamkuwa komanso nickel yopukutidwa kapena chrome kumaliza. Opanga ena amapereka zomaliza zosiyanasiyana.
Kuyika makina osefera madzi kumatha kuchoka ku mapulojekiti osavuta a DIY omwe amatenga mphindi zochepa kupita ku ntchito zambiri zomwe zingafune thandizo la akatswiri, kutengera luso la munthuyo. Omwe akugwiritsa ntchito pope yayikulu ngati gwero la madzi amafunikira nthawi yocheperako komanso khama kuti ayike, zomwe zimafunikira kulumikiza fyuluta ku mzere wamadzi ozizira.