Timatsimikizira tokha zonse zomwe timalimbikitsa. Mukagula kudzera pa maulalo athu, titha kupeza ntchito. phunzirani zambiri>
Tim Heffernan ndi mlembi wofotokoza za mpweya ndi madzi komanso matekinoloje okhazikika amagetsi. Amakonda kuyesa oyeretsa ndi utsi wa machesi a Flare.
Tawonjezeranso njira yabwino, Cyclopure Purefast, fyuluta yogwirizana ndi Brita yomwe ndi NSF/ANSI yovomerezeka kuti ichepetse PFAS.
Ngati mukuyang'ana njira yosavuta yopezera madzi akumwa osefedwa kunyumba, tikupangira Sefa ya Madzi a Brita Elite, komanso Brita Standard Everyday 10-Cup Pitcher kapena (ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito madzi ambiri m'nyumba mwanu) Brita Standard 27-Cup Capacity Pitcher kapena Brita Ultramax Water Dispenser. Koma musanasankhe, dziwani kuti patatha pafupifupi zaka khumi zosefera madzi akunyumba, timakhulupirira kuti zosefera zamadzi pansi pa sinki kapena pansi pa faucet ndiye chisankho chabwino kwambiri. Amakhala nthawi yayitali, amapereka madzi oyera mwachangu, amachepetsa zowononga, sangatseke, ndipo amatenga mphindi zochepa kuti akhazikike.
Mtunduwu uli ndi ziphaso zopitilira 30 za ANSI/NSF, kuposa zosefera zilizonse m'kalasi mwake, ndipo zidapangidwa kuti zizisintha pakapita miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Koma monga zosefera zonse, zimatha kutsekeka.
Ketulo ya siginecha ya Brita ili m'njira zambiri gulu la ketulo lofotokozera ndipo ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndikuyeretsa kuposa mitundu ina yambiri ya Brita.
Brita Water Dispenser ili ndi mphamvu zokwanira kuti ikwaniritse zosowa za tsiku ndi tsiku zamadzi a banja lalikulu, ndipo bomba lake losatulutsa madzi limapangidwa kuti likhale losavuta komanso losavuta kuti ana agwiritse ntchito.
LifeStraw Home Dispenser yayesedwa mwamphamvu kuti ichotse zowononga zambiri, kuphatikiza lead, ndipo fyuluta yake imalimbana kwambiri ndi kutsekeka kuposa fyuluta ina iliyonse yomwe tidayesa.
Zosefera za Dexsorb, zoyesedwa pamiyezo ya NSF/ANSI, zimagwira bwino mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamankhwala osakhazikika (PFAS), kuphatikiza PFOA ndi PFOS.
Mtunduwu uli ndi ziphaso zopitilira 30 za ANSI/NSF, kuposa zosefera zilizonse m'kalasi mwake, ndipo zidapangidwa kuti zizisintha pakapita miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Koma monga zosefera zonse, zimatha kutsekeka.
Sefa yabwino kwambiri ya Brita ndi Brita Elite. Ndi ANSI/NSF yovomerezeka ndipo imachotsa zonyansa zambiri kuposa fyuluta ina iliyonse yamadzi yodyetsera mphamvu yokoka yomwe tayesa; zonyansazi zikuphatikiza lead, mercury, cadmium, PFOA, ndi PFOS, komanso mitundu ingapo yamafakitale ndi zonyansa zamadzi apampopi zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira kukhala "zoyipa zomwe zikubwera." Imakhala ndi moyo wokwana magaloni 120, kapena miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, yomwe ili kuwirikiza katatu kutalika kwa moyo wa zosefera zina zambiri. M'kupita kwanthawi, izi zimapangitsa kuti a Elite akhale otsika mtengo kuposa fyuluta yodziwika bwino ya miyezi iwiri. Komabe, matope m'madzi amatha kutseka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi isanathe. Ngati mukudziwa kuti madzi anu apampopi ndi aukhondo koma mukungofuna kuti amve bwino (makamaka ngati amanunkhiza ngati chlorine), ketulo yokhazikika ya Brita ndi fyuluta ya dispenser ndiyotsika mtengo komanso sungatsekedwe, koma ilibe umboni kuti ili ndi lead kapena mafakitale ena aliwonse. mankhwala.
Ketulo ya siginecha ya Brita ili m'njira zambiri gulu la ketulo lofotokozera ndipo ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndikuyeretsa kuposa mitundu ina yambiri ya Brita.
Mwa ma pitcher ambiri a Brita, zomwe timakonda ndi Brita Standard Everyday 10-Cup Pitcher. Kapangidwe ka malo osafa kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuyeretsa kuposa mabotolo ena a Brita, ndipo chosinthira chala chala chimodzi cha dzanja limodzi chimapangitsa kudzazanso kosavuta. Chogwirizira chake chopindika ngati C chimakhalanso chomasuka kuposa zogwirira zooneka ngati D zopezeka pamabotolo ambiri a Brita.
Brita Water Dispenser ili ndi mphamvu zokwanira kuti ikwaniritse zosowa za tsiku ndi tsiku zamadzi a banja lalikulu, ndipo bomba lake losatulutsa madzi limapangidwa kuti likhale losavuta komanso losavuta kuti ana agwiritse ntchito.
Brita Ultramax Water Dispenser imakhala ndi makapu pafupifupi 27 amadzi (makapu 18 m'malo osungiramo zosefera ndi makapu 9 mpaka 10 owonjezera pankhokwe yodzaza pamwamba). Kapangidwe kake kakang'ono kamateteza malo mufiriji, ndipo faucet imatseka ikathira kuti isasefukire. Ndi njira yabwino nthawi zonse kukhala ndi madzi ozizira, osefedwa pamanja.
LifeStraw Home Dispenser yayesedwa mwamphamvu kuti ichotse zowononga zambiri, kuphatikiza lead, ndipo fyuluta yake imalimbana kwambiri ndi kutsekeka kuposa fyuluta ina iliyonse yomwe tidayesa.
Tidagwiritsa ntchito LifeStraw Home Water Dispenser kusefa magaloni 2.5 amadzi okhala ndi dzimbiri kwambiri, ndipo pomwe liwiro lidatsika pang'ono kumapeto, silinasiye kusefa. Chogulitsachi ndi chomwe timasankha kwambiri kwa aliyense amene adakumanapo ndi zosefera zamadzi zotsekeka muzosefera zina zamadzi, kuphatikiza chosankha chathu chapamwamba, Brita Elite, kapena akufunafuna njira yothetsera madzi ampopi adzimbiri kapena oipitsidwa. LifeStraw ilinso ndi ziphaso zinayi za ANSI/NSF (klorini, kulawa ndi fungo, lead, ndi mercury) ndipo yayesedwa paokha ndi labu yovomerezeka kuti ikwaniritse milingo yowonjezera yowonjezera ya ANSI/NSF.
Zosefera za Dexsorb, zoyesedwa pamiyezo ya NSF/ANSI, zimagwira bwino mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamankhwala osakhazikika (PFAS), kuphatikiza PFOA ndi PFOS.
Zosefera za Cyclopure's Purefast zimagwiritsa ntchito Dexsorb, zinthu zomwezo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala ena kuchotsa mankhwala osakhazikika (PFAS) m'madzi a anthu. Imagwira ntchito ndi ketulo yathu ya Brita ndi dispenser. Imavoteredwa magaloni 65, zosefera mwachangu m'mayesero athu, ndipo sizitsika pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi, ngakhale ngati fyuluta iliyonse yodyetsedwa ndi mphamvu yokoka, imatha kutseka ngati madzi anu ali ndi dothi lambiri. Fyuluta imabweranso mu envelopu yolipira kale; tumizani fyuluta yanu yomwe mwagwiritsa ntchito ku Cyclopure, ndipo kampaniyo idzayibwezeretsanso m'njira yomwe imawononga PFAS iliyonse yomwe ingagwire kuti isabwererenso ku chilengedwe. Brita mwiniwake samalimbikitsa zosefera za chipani chachitatu, koma poganizira kuti zosefera za Purefast ndi zida za Dexsorb ndi NSF/ANSI zovomerezeka kuti zichepetse PFAS, tingawalimbikitse molimba mtima. Dziwani kuti imangogwira PFAS ndi chlorine. Ngati muli ndi nkhawa zina, sankhani Brita Elite;
Ndakhala ndikuyesa zosefera zamadzi za Wirecutter kuyambira 2016. Pa lipotili, ndakhala ndikukambirana kwanthawi yayitali ndi NSF ndi Water Quality Association, mabungwe awiri akuluakulu otsimikizira zosefera zamadzi ku United States, kuti amvetsetse njira zawo zoyesera. Ndafunsapo oimira ambiri opanga zosefera madzi kuti atsimikizire zonena zawo. Ndagwiritsa ntchito zosefera zamadzi zingapo ndi mitsuko pazaka zambiri chifukwa kulimba, kumasuka komanso mtengo wokonza, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta ndikofunikira pazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kangapo patsiku.
Wasayansi wakale wa National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) a John Holecek adafufuza ndikulemba buku lakale la bukhuli, adayesa yekha, ndikuyesanso kuyesa kodziyimira pawokha.
Bukuli ndi la iwo amene akufuna fyuluta yamadzi yamtundu wa ketulo (yomwe imatunga madzi pampopi ndikuyika mufiriji).
Kukongola kwa ketulo yosefera ndikuti ndiyosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Mukungodzaza ndi madzi apampopi ndikudikirira kuti fyulutayo igwire ntchito. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotsika mtengo: zosefera zolowa m'malo (zomwe nthawi zambiri zimafunika kusinthidwa miyezi iwiri iliyonse) zimawononga ndalama zosakwana $15.
Iwo ali ndi zochepa zochepa. Ndiwothandiza polimbana ndi zowononga zocheperako kuposa zosefera zambiri zapansi panthaka kapena pansi pa faucet chifukwa zimadalira mphamvu yokoka osati kuthamanga kwa madzi, zomwe zimafuna fyuluta yocheperako.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yokoka kumatanthauzanso kuti zosefera za ketulo zimachedwa: kudzaza madzi kuchokera pamwamba pamadzi kumatenga pakati pa 5 ndi 15 mphindi kuti adutse mu fyuluta, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimatengera kuwonjezeredwa kangapo kuti mutenge mtsuko wodzaza madzi oyera.
Zosefera za ketulo nthawi zambiri zimakutidwa ndi dothi lochokera kumadzi apampopi kapena tinthu ting'onoting'ono ta mpweya tomwe timapanga m'maaerator a faucet ndikutsekeka.
Pazifukwa izi, timalimbikitsa kukhazikitsa zosefera pansi pa sinki kapena pampopi ngati zinthu zilola.
Ku United States, madzi operekedwa ndi anthu onse amalamulidwa ndi Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) pansi pa Safe Drinking Water Act, ndipo madzi otuluka m'mafakitale oyeretsera madzi akuyenera kukwaniritsa miyezo yabwino kwambiri. Komabe, sizinthu zonse zowonongeka zomwe zimayendetsedwa.
Kuphatikiza apo, zowononga zimatha kulowa madzi akachoka m'malo opangira mankhwala kudzera m'mapaipi otayira kapena (ngati mtovu) potulutsa mipopeyo. Kuthira madzi pamalowo (kapena kulephera kutero) kumatha kupangitsa kuti kuchucha kwa mapaipi akumunsi kwa mtsinje kuipire kwambiri, monga zidachitikira ku Flint, Michigan.
Kuti mudziwe zomwe sapulaya wanu akusiya, nthawi zambiri mumatha kupeza EPA Consumer Confidence Report (CCR) ya EPA Consumer Confidence Report (CCR)) pa intaneti. Apo ayi, onse ogulitsa madzi a boma akuyenera kupereka CCR pakupempha.
Koma chifukwa cha kuthekera kwa kuipitsidwa kwa mtsinje, njira yokhayo yodziwira zomwe zili m'madzi am'nyumba mwanu ndikuyesa. Labu yanu yamtundu wamadzi imatha kuyesa, kapena mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zoyezera kunyumba. Tidawunikanso 11 mwaiwo ndipo tidachita chidwi ndi SimpleLab's Tap Score, yomwe ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndipo imapereka lipoti latsatanetsatane, lomveka bwino la zomwe zili m'madzi anu apampopi, ngati zilipo.
Mayeso apamwamba amadzi amadzi mu mzinda wa SimpleLab Tap Score amapereka kusanthula kwamadzi anu akumwa ndi zotsatira zosavuta kuwerenga.
Kuonetsetsa kuti zosefera zamadzi zomwe timalimbikitsa ndi zodalirika, nthawi zonse timalimbikira kuti zosankha zathu zikwaniritse muyeso wa golide: satifiketi ya ANSI/NSF. American National Standards Institute (ANSI) ndi National Science Foundation (NSF) ndi mabungwe achinsinsi, osachita phindu omwe amagwira ntchito ndi Environmental Protection Agency, opanga, ndi akatswiri ena kuti akhazikitse miyezo yapamwamba yazinthu masauzande ambiri, kuphatikiza zosefera zamadzi, ndi kuyesa. ndondomeko.
Zosefera zimangokwaniritsa miyezo yotsimikizira pambuyo popitilira moyo wawo wantchito ndikugwiritsa ntchito zitsanzo "zoyesa" zomwe zili zoipitsidwa kwambiri kuposa madzi apampopi ambiri.
Pali ma labu akulu awiri omwe amatsimikizira oyeretsa madzi: imodzi ndi NSF Labs ndipo ina ndi Water Quality Association (WQA). Mabungwe onsewa ndi ovomerezeka ndi ANSI ndi Canadian Standards Council ku North America kuti ayesere certification ya ANSI/NSF.
Koma patatha zaka zambiri zotsutsana zamkati, tsopano tikuvomerezanso zonena zambiri "zoyesedwa ku miyezo ya ANSI/NSF," zomwe sizinatsimikizidwe mwalamulo, koma ziyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zina: choyamba, kuyezetsa kumachitika ndi labu yodziyimira payokha yomwe simayendetsedwa ndi wopanga fyuluta; chachiwiri, labu palokha ndi ANSI kapena kuzindikiridwa ndi mabungwe ena adziko kapena omwe si a boma kuti ayesetse mokhwima malinga ndi miyezo yokhazikitsidwa; chachitatu, labu yoyesera, zotsatira zake, ndi njira zake zimasindikizidwa ndi wopanga. Chachinayi, wopanga ali ndi mbiri yakale yopanga zosefera. Zolembazo zatsimikizira kukhala zotetezeka, zodalirika, komanso zowona monga momwe zafotokozedwera.
Tinachepetsanso kuchuluka kwa zosefera zomwe zili zovomerezeka kapena zofanana ndi miyezo iwiri ikuluikulu ya ANSI/NSF (Standard 42 ndi Standard 53, yomwe imaphimba chlorine ndi zonyansa zina "zokongola", komanso zitsulo zolemera monga lead ndi organic mankhwala monga mankhwala ophera tizilombo. ). Standard 401 yatsopano imakhudza "zowononga zomwe zikubwera" monga mankhwala omwe akupezeka kwambiri m'madzi aku US, ndipo timasamala kwambiri zosefera zomwe zili ndi izi.
Tinayamba ndi kuyang'ana makina otchuka a madzi a makapu 10 mpaka 11, komanso zoperekera mphamvu zazikulu zomwe zimakhala zoyenera makamaka kwa mabanja omwe amamwa madzi ambiri. (Makampani ambiri amaperekanso zoperekera zing'onozing'ono kwa anthu omwe safuna dispenser yokwanira.)
Kenako tidayerekeza tsatanetsatane wa kapangidwe kake (kuphatikiza mawonekedwe a chogwirira ndi chitonthozo), kusavuta kukhazikitsa ndikusintha zosefera, malo omwe mbiya ndi zoperekera zimatengera mufiriji, komanso kuchuluka kwa thanki yodzaza pamwamba ndi kuchuluka kwa thanki "yosefera" pansi. (kuchuluka kwa chiŵerengerocho, kumakhala bwino, popeza mumapeza madzi osefedwa nthawi iliyonse mukamagwiritsa ntchito popopopera).
Mu 2016, tidayesa zosefera zingapo m'nyumba kuti tifananize zotsatira zathu ndi ziphaso za ANSI/NSF komanso zonena za opanga. John Holecek anayeza kuchuluka kwa kusefa kwa chlorine mu labu yake. Pazosankha zathu ziwiri zoyamba, tidapereka labu yodziyesa yodziyimira kuti iyese kuchotsa kutsogolera pogwiritsa ntchito mayankho okhala ndi milingo yayikulu kwambiri yakuipitsidwa ndi lead kuposa momwe NSF imafunikira mu protocol yake yotsimikizira.
Chomaliza chathu chachikulu pakuyesa kwathu ndikuti chiphaso cha ANSI/NSF kapena chiphaso chofanana ndi muyezo wodalirika woyezera magwiridwe antchito a fyuluta. Izi sizosadabwitsa chifukwa cha kukhwima kwa miyeso ya certification. Kuyambira pamenepo, tadalira satifiketi ya ANSI/NSF kapena satifiketi yofananira nayo kuti tidziwe momwe fyuluta yomwe wapatsidwa.
Kuyesa kwathu kotsatira kumayang'ana kwambiri momwe angagwiritsire ntchito zinthu zenizeni padziko lapansi, komanso zinthu zenizeni komanso zofooka zomwe zimawonekera pambuyo pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kwa nthawi yayitali.
Mtunduwu uli ndi ziphaso zopitilira 30 za ANSI/NSF, kuposa zosefera zilizonse m'kalasi mwake, ndipo zidapangidwa kuti zizisintha pakapita miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Koma monga zosefera zonse, zimatha kutsekeka.
Filter ya Brita Elite Water (yomwe kale inali Longlast +) ndi ANSI/NSF yovomerezeka kuti ichotse zonyansa zopitilira 30 (PDF), kuphatikiza lead, mercury, microplastics, asbestos, ndi PFAS ziwiri wamba: perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) ndi perfluorinated octane sulfonic acid (PFOS). ). Izi zimapangitsa kuti ikhale fyuluta yamadzi yovomerezeka kwambiri yomwe tayesapo, ndipo yomwe timapereka kwa iwo omwe akufuna mtendere wamumtima.
Ndilovomerezeka kuchotsa zonyansa zina zambiri. Zowonongekazi zimaphatikizapo klorini (yowonjezera m'madzi kuti achepetse mabakiteriya ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe zimayambitsa "kulawa koipa" m'madzi apampopi), zinthu zowonongeka zomwe zimatha kuwononga chiwindi, ndi mitundu yowonjezereka "yotuluka"; mankhwala monga bisphenol A (BPA), DEET (mankhwala wamba othamangitsa tizilombo), ndi estrone, mtundu wopangidwa wa estrogen, akuzindikiridwa.
Ngakhale mitsuko yambiri imakhala ndi zosefera zamadzi zomwe zimafunika kusinthidwa magaloni 40 aliwonse kapena miyezi iwiri, fyuluta yamadzi ya Elite imakhala ndi malita 120 kapena miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Mwachidziwitso, izi zikutanthauza kuti mumangofunika kugwiritsa ntchito zosefera ziwiri zamadzi za Elite pachaka m'malo mwa zisanu ndi chimodzi - kupanga zinyalala zochepa ndikuchepetsa ndalama zosinthira ndi 50%.
Kwa fyuluta ya mbiya, imagwira ntchito mwachangu kwambiri. M'mayeso athu, kudzaza kwathunthu kwa fyuluta yatsopano ya Elite kunatenga mphindi 5-7 zokha. Zosefera zofanana ndi zomwe tidayesa zimatenga nthawi yayitali - nthawi zambiri mphindi 10 kapena kupitilira apo.
Koma pali vuto. Monga pafupifupi zosefera zonse, a Elite amakonda kutsekeka, zomwe zimatha kuchepetsa kapena kuyimitsa kusefera, kutanthauza kuti muyenera kuyisintha nthawi zambiri. Ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri adandaula za nkhaniyi, ndipo pakuyesa kwathu, a Elite adayamba kutsika pang'onopang'ono asanafikire mphamvu yake ya galoni 120. Ngati muli ndi vuto ndi matope m'madzi anu apampopi (nthawi zambiri chizindikiro cha mipope ya dzimbiri), mungakhale mukukumana ndi zomwezo.
Ndipo simungafune chitetezo chonse cha Elite. Ngati mukukhulupirira kuti madzi anu apampopi ndi abwino (mutha kudziwa ndi choyesa kunyumba), tikupangira kuti mukweze mpaka ku ketulo yokhazikika ya Brita ndi fyuluta yotulutsa madzi. Ili ndi ziphaso zisanu zokha za ANSI/NSF (PDF), kuphatikiza chlorine (koma osati lead, organics, kapena zonyansa zomwe zikutuluka), zomwe ndizochepa kwambiri kuposa Elite. Koma ndi fyuluta yotsika mtengo, yosatsekeka yomwe ingapangitse kukoma kwa madzi anu.
Ndizosavuta kuwononga mukayika zosefera za Brita. Poyamba, fyulutayo inkawoneka kuti yalowa bwino bwino. Koma pamafunika kukankhira kwina kuti mulowemo. Ngati simukankhira pansi, madzi osasefera amatha kutuluka m'mbali mwa fyulutayo mukadzaza chosungira chapamwamba, kutanthauza kuti madzi anu "osasefedwa" sangatero. tuluka. Zina mwa zosefera zomwe tidagula pa mayeso a 2023 zidafunikanso kukhazikitsidwa kuti kagawo kakang'ono ka mbali imodzi ya fyulutayo kutsetsereka pamtunda wofananira m'mitsuko ina ya Brita. (Mabotolo ena, kuphatikiza botolo lathu lamadzi labwino kwambiri la makapu 10 tsiku lililonse, alibe zitunda, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi woyika zosefera mwanjira iliyonse.)