Timayang'ana paokha zonse zomwe timalimbikitsa. Mukagula kudzera pa maulalo athu, titha kupeza ntchito. Dziwani zambiri>
Kutsatira kukwezedwa kwazinthu ndikusintha kwa ziphaso, sitikulimbikitsanso zosefera za Pur. Timatsatira njira zina.
Ngati mukuyang'ana njira yosavuta yopezera madzi akumwa osefedwa kunyumba, tikupangira Zosefera za Brita Elite zophatikizidwa ndi Brita Standard 10-cup pitcher kapena (ngati nyumba yanu imagwiritsa ntchito madzi ambiri) Brita 27-cup pitcher. Makina opangira madzi Ultramax. Koma musanasankhe aliyense wa iwo, dziwani kuti patatha pafupifupi zaka khumi zofufuza za kusefera kwamadzi am'nyumba, timakhulupirira kuti zosefera zapansi panthaka kapena pansi pa faucet ndiye chisankho chabwino kwambiri. Amakhala nthawi yayitali, amapereka madzi oyera mwachangu, amachepetsa zowononga, sangatseke, ndipo amatenga mphindi zochepa kuti akhazikike.
Mtunduwu uli ndi ziphaso zopitilira 30 za ANSI/NSF — kuposa fyuluta iliyonse mkalasi mwake — ndipo idapangidwa kuti ikhale miyezi isanu ndi umodzi pakati pakusintha. Koma, monga zosefera zonse, zimatha kutsekeka.
Siginecha ya Brita ketulo imatanthawuza gulu la ketulo yosefera ndipo ndiyosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndikuyeretsa kuposa mitundu ina yambiri ya Brita.
Makina operekera madzi ku Brita amakhala ndi madzi okwanira kwa tsiku limodzi kwa banja lalikulu, ndipo mpopi wake wosatulutsa madzi ndi wosavuta kuti ana agwiritse ntchito.
LifeStraw dispensers zatsimikiziridwa kuti zimachotsa zonyansa zambiri, kuphatikizapo lead, ndipo zosefera zawo zimalimbana ndi kutsekeka kuposa fyuluta ina iliyonse yomwe tidayesa.
Mtunduwu uli ndi ziphaso zopitilira 30 za ANSI/NSF (kuposa fyuluta iliyonse m'kalasi mwake) ndipo idapangidwa kuti ikhale miyezi isanu ndi umodzi pakati pakusintha. Koma, monga zosefera zonse, zimatha kutsekeka.
Zosefera za Brita Elite ndi zosefera zabwino kwambiri za Brita ndipo ndi ANSI/NSF zovomerezeka kuti zisefe zonyansa zambiri kuposa zosefera zina zilizonse zokokera pansi zomwe taziyesa, kuphatikiza lead, mercury, cadmium, PFOA ndi PFAS ndi zina zambiri. Zonyansa” zomwe zimapezeka mochulukira m’madzi apampopi. Imakhala ndi moyo wa magaloni 120, kapena miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, yomwe ili kuwirikiza katatu kuposa moyo wa zosefera zina zambiri. M'kupita kwanthawi, izi zitha kupangitsa Elite kukhala otsika mtengo kugwiritsa ntchito kuposa fyuluta wamba. fyuluta ya miyezi iwiri. Komabe, miyezi isanu ndi umodzi isanadutse, matope a m'madzi amatha kutseka. Ngati mukudziwa kuti madzi anu apampopi ndi oyera, koma kuti muwongolere kakomedwe kake, makamaka madzi otsekemera a klorini, gwiritsani ntchito mbiya ya Brita. Choperekera zosefera ndichotsika mtengo komanso sichingatseke, koma sichinatsimikizidwe kuti chili ndi lead kapena mankhwala aliwonse amakampani. kugwirizana.
Siginecha ya Brita ketulo imatanthawuza gulu la ketulo yosefera ndipo ndiyosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndikuyeretsa kuposa mitundu ina yambiri ya Brita.
Pakati pa mabotolo ambiri amadzi a Brita, zomwe timakonda ndi Brita Standard Everyday Water Bottle 10 Cup. Mapangidwe a nooks ndi crannies amapangitsa kuyeretsa kukhala kosavuta kuposa mitsuko ina ya Brita, ndipo chivindikiro cha dzanja limodzi chimapangitsa kudzazanso kosavuta. Chogwirizira chake chopindika chooneka ngati C chimakhalanso chomasuka kuposa chogwirizira chowoneka ngati D chopezeka pamabotolo ambiri a Brita.
Makina operekera madzi ku Brita amakhala ndi madzi okwanira kwa tsiku limodzi kwa banja lalikulu, ndipo mpopi wake wosatulutsa madzi ndi wosavuta kuti ana agwiritse ntchito.
Makina operekera madzi a Brita Ultramax amakhala ndi makapu pafupifupi 27 amadzi (makapu 18 m'malo osungiramo madzi ndi makapu 9 kapena 10 m'malo osungira pamwamba). Kapangidwe kake kakang'ono kamasunga malo mufiriji, ndipo mpopiyo amangotseka akathira kuti asasefukire. Iyi ndi njira yabwino yokhala ndi madzi ozizira okwanira nthawi zonse.
LifeStraw dispensers zatsimikiziridwa kuti zimachotsa zonyansa zambiri, kuphatikizapo lead, ndipo zosefera zawo zimalimbana ndi kutsekeka kuposa fyuluta ina iliyonse yomwe tidayesa.
Tinayendetsa magaloni 2.5 amadzi oipitsidwa kwambiri ndi dzimbiri kudzera mu choperekera madzi kunyumba ya LifeStraw, ndipo ngakhale madziwo adachepera pang'ono kumapeto, kusefa sikunayime. Ili ndiye chisankho chathu chodziwikiratu kwa aliyense amene wavala zosefera zina zamadzi (kuphatikiza Brita Elite) kapena akufuna njira yothetsera madzi apampopi omwe amadziwika kuti ndi dzimbiri kapena ali ndi dothi. LifeStraw ilinso ndi ziphaso zinayi za ANSI/NSF (klorini, kulawa ndi fungo, lead ndi mercury) ndipo yayesedwa paokha ndi ma laboratories ovomerezeka kuti ikwaniritse miyezo yambiri yowonjezera ya ANSI/NSF.
Ndakhala ndikuyesa zosefera zamadzi za Wirecutter kuyambira 2016. Mu lipoti langa, ndinayankhula motalika ndi NSF ndi Water Quality Institute, mabungwe awiri akuluakulu a certification ku United States, kuti amvetse momwe kuyesa kwawo kumachitikira. Ndafunsapo oimira ambiri opanga zosefera madzi kuti atsutsane ndi zomwe anena. Ndagwiritsa ntchito zosefera zingapo kwazaka zambiri chifukwa kulimba, kumasuka komanso mtengo wokonza, komanso kuyanjana ndi ogwiritsa ntchito ndizofunikira kwambiri pazomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito kangapo patsiku.
Wasayansi wakale wa NOAA a John Holecek adafufuza ndikulemba buku lakale la bukhuli, adayesa yekha, ndikuyesa kuyesa kodziyimira pawokha.
Bukuli ndi la iwo amene akufuna fyuluta yamadzi yamtundu wa pitcher yomwe imadzaza madzi awo apampopi ndikusunga mufiriji.
Ubwino wa fyuluta ya pitcher ndikuti ndiyosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Zomwe muyenera kuchita ndikuzidzaza pampopi ndikudikirira kuti fyulutayo igwire ntchito. Amakondanso kukhala otsika mtengo kugula, ndi zosefera zolowa m'malo (zomwe zimafunikira miyezi iwiri iliyonse) zomwe zimawononga ndalama zosakwana $15.
Iwo ali ndi zovuta zingapo. Amatha kuchotsa zowononga zocheperako kuposa zosefera zambiri zapansi panthaka kapena pansi pa faucet chifukwa zimadalira mphamvu yokoka m'malo motengera mphamvu yamadzi, zomwe zimafuna fyuluta yocheperako.
Kudalira kwawo mphamvu yokoka kumatanthauzanso kuti zosefera za mitsuko zimachedwa: kudzaza madzi amodzi kuchokera pamwamba pamadzi kumatha kutenga mphindi 5 mpaka 15 kuti adutse pasefa, ndipo nthawi zambiri pamafunika zowonjezera zingapo kuti mutenge mtsuko wamadzi oyera. .
Zosefera za mitsuko nthawi zambiri zimatsekeka chifukwa cha dothi lamadzi apampopi kapena ngakhale tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta mpweya wochokera ku ma aera a faucet.
Pazifukwa izi, timalimbikitsa kukhazikitsa fyuluta pansi pa sinki kapena pampopi ngati pakufunika kutero.
Ku United States, madzi omwe amaperekedwa ndi anthu onse amayendetsedwa ndi Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) pansi pa Safe Drinking Water Act, ndipo madzi otuluka m'malo oyeretsera madzi ayenera kukwaniritsa miyezo yabwino kwambiri. Komabe, sizinthu zonse zomwe zingathe kuwononga zowonongeka zomwe zimayendetsedwa.
Kuphatikiza apo, zowononga zimatha kulowa madzi akachoka pamalo opangira mankhwalawo kudzera m'mipopi yotayira kapena (ngati mtovu) kudzera m'mipopeyo. Kuthira madzi kochitidwa kapena kunyalanyazidwa pamalowo kumatha kupangitsa kuti mipope yakumunsi ikhale yoyipa kwambiri, monga zidachitikira ku Flint, Michigan.
Kuti mudziwe ndendende zomwe zili m'madzi a ogulitsa anu, nthawi zambiri mutha kusaka pa intaneti pa EPA-approved Consumer Confidence Report (CCR). Kupanda kutero, onse ogulitsa madzi aboma akuyenera kukupatsirani ma CCR awo mukapempha.
Koma chifukwa cha kuipitsidwa komwe kungachitike kunsi kwa mtsinje, njira yokhayo yodziwira zomwe zili m'madzi a m'nyumba mwanu ndikuyesa. Laboratory yanu yamtundu wamadzi imatha kuchita izi, kapena mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zoyezera kunyumba. Tidayang'ana 11 mwa iwo mu kalozera wathu ndipo tidachita chidwi ndi SimpleLab's Tap Score, yomwe ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndipo imapereka lipoti latsatanetsatane, lolembedwa momveka bwino la zomwe, ngati zilipo, zoipitsa zili m'madzi anu apampopi.
Mayeso apamwamba amadzi amtundu wa SimpleLab Tap Score amapereka kusanthula kwamadzi anu akumwa ndipo amapereka zotsatira zosavuta kuwerenga.
Kuonetsetsa kuti tikupangira zosefera zomwe mungakhulupirire, takhala tikulimbikira kuti zomwe tasankha zikwaniritse mulingo wagolide: satifiketi ya ANSI/NSF. American National Standards Institute (ANSI) ndi National Science Foundation (NSF) ndi mabungwe achinsinsi, osachita phindu omwe amagwira ntchito ndi Environmental Protection Agency, opanga ndi akatswiri ena kuti apange miyezo yapamwamba kwambiri ndikuyesa zinthu masauzande ambiri, kuphatikiza ma protocol amadzi. fyuluta.
Zinali pokhapokha atagwiritsa ntchito zitsanzo za "zoyesa" zomwe zinali zoipitsidwa kwambiri kuposa madzi ambiri apampopi kuti zoseferazo zinatha kukwaniritsa miyezo yomwe inali yoposa nthawi yomwe ankayembekezera.
Ma laboratories awiri otsimikizira zosefera zamadzi ndi NSF yokha ndi Water Quality Association (WQA). Onsewa ndi ovomerezeka ndi ANSI ndi Canadian Standards Council ku North America ndipo amatha kuyesa certification ya ANSI/NSF.
Koma patatha zaka zambiri zotsutsana zamkati, tsopano tikuvomerezanso chinenero chomasuka cha "kuyesedwa ku miyezo ya ANSI / NSF" m'malo movomerezeka, malinga ndi zikhalidwe zochepa: Choyamba, kuyezetsa kumachitika ndi labotale yodziimira, osati yodziyimira pawokha. labotale. Wopanga zosefera; Chachiwiri, labotale yokhayo imavomerezedwa ndi ANSI kapena mabungwe ena amtundu uliwonse kapena omwe si aboma kuti ayesetse mokhazikika pamiyezo yodziwika; Chachitatu, labotale yoyesera, zotsatira zake ndi njira zake zimawululidwa ndi wopanga; Chachinayi, Wopangayo ali ndi chidziwitso chochuluka pakupanga zosefera zomwe zatsimikizira chitetezo chawo, kudalirika komanso kufotokozedwa moona mtima.
Tidachepetsanso mpaka zosefera zomwe zili zovomerezeka kapena zofanana ndi ziwiri mwamiyezo yayikulu ya ANSI/NSF (Standard 42 ndi Standard 53) (yophimba chlorine ndi zonyansa zina "zokongola" ndi zitsulo zolemera monga lead, motsatana), monga komanso mankhwala ophera tizilombo. ndi zinthu zina za organic). Muyezo watsopano wa 401 umakhudza "zowononga zomwe zikubwera," monga mankhwala, zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri m'madzi ku United States, ndichifukwa chake tikuyang'ana kwambiri zosefera.
Tinayamba kufunafuna ma ketulo odziwika bwino a makapu 10 mpaka 11 ndi zopangira madzi zokulirapo, zomwe ndizofunikira makamaka m'mabanja omwe amamwa madzi ambiri. (Makampani ambiri amaperekanso mitsuko yaying'ono kwa iwo omwe safuna mtundu wathunthu.)
Kenako tidafanizira tsatanetsatane wa kapangidwe kake (kuphatikiza masitayilo ndi chitonthozo), kusavuta kukhazikitsa ndikusintha zosefera, malo omwe mbiya ndi zoperekera zimatengera mufiriji, komanso kuchuluka kwa voliyumu yosungiramo madzi pamwamba mpaka pansi "sefa". (Kuchuluka kwa chiŵerengerocho, kumakhala bwino, chifukwa mumapeza madzi osefedwa nthawi iliyonse mukagwiritsa ntchito pampopi.)
Tidayesa zingapo pazosefera zingapo mu 2016, kuyerekeza zotsatira zathu ndi ziphaso za ANSI/NSF ndi zomwe opanga amapanga. Mu labotale yake, John Holecek anayeza mlingo umene fyuluta iliyonse imachotsa chlorine. Pazosankha zathu ziwiri zoyamba, tidapangana nawo kuyesa kochotsa kutsogolera kodziyimira pawokha pogwiritsa ntchito njira zoyambukira zotsogola kuposa zomwe NSF imafunikira mu mgwirizano wake wa certification.
Chomwe timatengera pakuyesa kwathu ndikuti satifiketi ya ANSI/NSF kapena satifiketi yofananira ndi chizindikiro chodalirika cha kusefa. Izi sizosadabwitsa kutengera kukhwima kwa miyezo ya certification. Kuyambira pamenepo, tadalira satifiketi ya ANSI/NSF kapena satifiketi yofananira nayo kuti tidziwe momwe fyuluta yomwe wapatsidwa.
Kuyesa kwathu kotsatira kumayang'ana kwambiri momwe angagwiritsire ntchito zenizeni padziko lapansi, komanso zinthu zothandiza ndi zofooka zomwe zimangowonekera mukangoyamba kugwiritsa ntchito zinthuzo pakapita nthawi.
Mtunduwu uli ndi ziphaso zopitilira 30 za ANSI/NSF — kuposa fyuluta iliyonse mkalasi mwake — ndipo idapangidwa kuti ikhale miyezi isanu ndi umodzi pakati pakusintha. Koma, monga zosefera zonse, zimatha kutsekeka.
Zosefera za Brita Elite (omwe kale anali a Longlast +) ndi ANSI/NSF zovomerezeka kuti zizindikire zonyansa zopitilira 30 (PDF), kuphatikiza lead, mercury, microplastics, asbestos, ndi PFAS ziwiri zodziwika bwino: perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) ndi perfluorinated octane sulfonic acid (PFOS). Izi zimapangitsa kuti ikhale fyuluta yovomerezeka kwambiri yomwe tayesapo, ndipo yomwe timalimbikitsa kwa iwo omwe akufuna mtendere wamumtima.
Zimatsimikiziridwa kuchotsa madontho ena ambiri wamba. Izi zikuphatikizapo chlorine (yomwe imawonjezeredwa m'madzi kuti achepetse mabakiteriya ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndipo ndiye chifukwa chachikulu cha "kukoma koipa" m'madzi ampopi); carbon tetrachloride, chinthu chosasinthika chomwe chimawononga chiwindi; imatha kupezeka m'madzi apampopi. “Zosakaniza zatsopano” zinapezedwa, kuphatikizapo bisphenol A (BPA), DEET (mankhwala wamba othamangitsa tizilombo) ndi estrone (mtundu wopangidwa wa estrogen).
Ngakhale zosefera zambiri zimakhala ndi kuzungulira kwa magaloni 40 aliwonse kapena miyezi iwiri, a Elite amakhala ndi kuzungulira kwa magaloni 120 kapena miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Mwachidziwitso, izi zikutanthauza kuti mumangofunika kugwiritsa ntchito zosefera ziwiri za Elite pachaka m'malo mwa zisanu ndi chimodzi, kupanga zinyalala zochepa ndikuchepetsa ndalama zowonjezeredwa ndi pafupifupi 50%.
Kwa fyuluta ya mbiya, imagwira ntchito mwachangu. M'mayeso athu, fyuluta yatsopano ya Elite idangotenga mphindi zisanu mpaka zisanu ndi ziwiri kudzaza. Zosefera zofanana ndi zomwe tidayesa zidatenga nthawi yayitali - nthawi zambiri mphindi 10 kapena kupitilira apo.
Koma pali chenjezo. Monga pafupifupi zosefera zonse, a Elite amatsekeka mosavuta, zomwe zimatha kuchepetsa kusefera kapena kuyimitsa konse kusefera, kutanthauza kuti muyenera kuyisintha nthawi zambiri. Ambiri, eni ake ambiri adandaula za nkhaniyi, ndipo poyesedwa kwathu, a Elite anayamba kutsika asanafike 120-gallon. Ngati muli ndi vuto lodziwika ndi matope m'madzi anu apampopi (nthawi zambiri chizindikiro cha mipope ya dzimbiri), zomwe mukukumana nazo zidzakhala zofanana.
Ndipo simungafune chitetezo chonse cha osankhika. Ngati mukudziwa kuti madzi anu apampopi ndi abwino (izi zitha kuzindikirika pogwiritsa ntchito choyezera kunyumba), timalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mtsuko ndi sefa ya Brita Standard water dispenser. Ili ndi ziphaso zisanu zokha za ANSI/NSF (PDF), kuphatikiza chlorine (koma osati lead, organics, kapena zonyansa zatsopano), zomwe zili ndi ziphaso zochepa kwambiri kuposa Elite. Koma ndi fyuluta yotsika mtengo, yosatsekeka yomwe ingapangitse kukoma kwa madzi anu.
Ndizosavuta kulakwitsa mukayika zosefera za Brita. Poyamba fyuluta ili m'malo mwake ndipo imawoneka yolimba. Koma pamafunika khama pang'ono kuti atetezedwe kwathunthu. Mukapanda kukanikiza mokwanira, madzi osasefera amatha kutuluka m'mbali mwa fyulutayo mukadzaza chosungira chapamwamba, kutanthauza kuti madzi anu "osefedwa" sakutha. Zina mwa zosefera zomwe tidagula pa mayeso a 2023 zidafunikanso kukhazikitsidwa kuti kagawo kakang'ono kumbali imodzi ya fyulutayo isunthike pa tabu yofananira m'mitsuko ina ya Brita. (Mitsuko ina, kuphatikizapo Standard 10-Cup Everyday Pitcher yomwe timakonda, imabwera yopanda zilembo ndikukulolani kuwongolera zosefera kuti musankhe.)
Siginecha ya Brita ketulo imatanthawuza gulu la ketulo yosefera ndipo ndiyosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndikuyeretsa kuposa mitundu ina yambiri ya Brita.
Botolo lamadzi tsiku lililonse la Brita 10-chikho (makamaka mtundu wokhala ndi SmartLight Replacement Indicator ndi Elite Filter) ndiwofala kwambiri kotero kuti mwina ndi zomwe ambiri aife timaganiza tikamaganiza za mabotolo amadzi osefedwa. Ndikonso komwe timakonda pamitsuko yambiri ya Brita, makamaka chifukwa ndiyosavuta kuyiyika padera kuti iyeretsedwe ndipo kulibe ma nooks ndi ma crannies momwe dothi lingaunjike. Kupotokola kwa chala chachikulu kumamasula dzanja lina kuti ligwiritse ntchito faucet powonjezera madzi. SmartLight yake imayesa kuthamanga kwa madzi ndikukudziwitsani nthawi yoti musinthe fyulutayo. Ndipo chogwirira chosavuta chooneka ngati C ndichopangidwa ndi Brita chomasuka kwambiri.
Standard Everyday ndi Amazon yokha; Brita amagulitsa mabotolo amadzi a Tahoe ofanana ku Walmart, Target ndi ogulitsa ena. Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa awiriwa ndi chogwirira cha Tahoe chooneka ngati D, chomwe tidapeza chovuta kuchigwira.
Ngakhale ketulo ya Tsiku ndi Tsiku imalengezedwa ngati chitsanzo cha makapu 10, imakhala ndi makapu pafupifupi 11.5, omwe ndi okwanira kukwaniritsa zosowa za tsiku ndi tsiku za banja laling'ono. Ikadzaza, imalemera pang'ono mapaundi 7, zomwe zimakukakamizani m'manja mwanu; Mtsuko wawung'ono wa Brita Space Saver 6-chikho umalemera pafupifupi mapaundi 4.5 ukadzaza, koma umabwera ndi mbiya yokhazikika ya Brita ndi zosefera, kotero muyenera kugula Zosefera za Elite padera.